Editors Pick

10 Key Factors to Consider When Choosing a University Abroad

Choosing a university abroad can feel overwhelming when faced with over 4,000 higher education institutions in the United States alone. Although most international students rely heavily on world university rankings such as QS and Times Higher Education when selecting institutions, these metrics might not reflect the best fit for your undergraduate journey. Rankings certainly assess universities based on academic reputation, employer feedback, and faculty-student ratio, but they often miss crucial factors that contribute to your overall educational experience.

When studying at university abroad, you need to look beyond prestigious names, especially since factors like total cost, campus culture, and post-study work opportunities significantly impact your academic success. Additionally, consider that institutions like Harvard University and New York University maintain diverse student bodies with 12% and 24% international students respectively. Instead of focusing solely on rankings, this article explores 10 key factors you should evaluate when choosing a university abroad—from course flexibility and faculty engagement to financial planning and career prospects—ensuring you make a decision that aligns with your personal and professional goals.
 

Evaluate Course Relevance and Academic Strength

The academic strength of a university goes far beyond its global reputation. Before making your final decision about where to study abroad, you need to examine the specifics of your chosen program rather than the institution's overall prestige.
 

Check curriculum updates and specialization options

A university's commitment to curriculum evolution reveals its dedication to academic excellence. Institutions that regularly review and update their programs incorporate the latest educational research and industry developments. For instance, the International Baccalaureate Organization reviews all subjects periodically to ensure curricula remain research-based and internationally relevant.

When exploring specializations, consider that the United States houses many top-ranked universities offering diverse master's programs across numerous fields. For technical students, popular MS specializations include Computer Science, Petroleum Engineering, Embedded Systems, and Data Science. If you're interested in Computer Science, institutions like Columbia University, Yale University, and Johns Hopkins University offer outstanding programs. Meanwhile, those pursuing Petroleum Engineering might look toward the University of Houston or Texas Tech University.

Your goal should be finding a program with specialized pathways aligned with your career objectives. Consequently, investigate whether universities offer concentration options within your field of interest that match your professional aspirations.
 

Review faculty profiles and research output

Faculty quality directly impacts your educational experience. At prestigious institutions, you'll find diverse academic roles supporting your learning journey. For example, INSEAD features various faculty positions including Assistant Professors of Strategy, Associate Professors of Entrepreneurship, and Professors of Economics, Finance, and Marketing.

Furthermore, research the scholarly contributions of department faculty. Stanford University's Graduate School of Education professors "bring the latest advances in social sciences, technology and teacher preparation to education" while producing scholarship that influences both policy and practice. Faculty research interests often translate into course content, affecting what you'll learn and the expertise you'll develop.

Prior to committing to any program, review faculty profiles on university websites, noting their areas of specialization, recent publications, and industry connections. These details provide insights into the academic environment you'll enter.
 

Compare program-specific rankings

General university rankings rarely tell the complete story about individual departments. Hence, examining subject-specific rankings gives you more precise information about your program's quality. The QS World University Rankings by Subject 2025 features 55 individual subjects across five broad areas, making it easier to identify institutions excelling in your field.

Notably, these specialized rankings reveal that universities may perform differently across disciplines. An institution ranked 50th overall might have a top-10 engineering program or exceptional humanities departments. The 2025 edition has expanded to include more institutions than ever before, with significant improvements from universities in Eastern Asian countries like South Korea, mainland China, and Hong Kong.

Program-specific rankings help you identify institutions with true strength in your field rather than relying on overall prestige that might not reflect the quality of your specific area of study.

By thoroughly evaluating course relevance and academic strength through these three perspectives, you position yourself to make a more informed decision about which university abroad will best support your academic and career objectives.
 

Assess Campus Safety and Student Wellbeing

Safety and wellbeing form crucial pillars of your educational experience when studying at a university abroad. Beyond academics, your ability to thrive depends on feeling secure and supported throughout your educational journey.
 

Research city crime rates and transport access

Understanding the safety profile of your potential university's location provides essential context for your decision. Crime reporting methodologies vary by country, making direct comparisons challenging. For instance, the FBI's National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) now requires law enforcement agencies to report on 24 offense categories comprising 52 specific crimes, rather than just 8 crimes under the previous system. This expanded reporting might result in higher apparent crime rates without an actual increase in criminal activity.

When examining campus locations, look at both violent and property crime statistics. In University City (St. Louis), assault rates (125.3 per 100,000 residents) are significantly lower than the national average (282.7), as are robbery rates (55.4 compared to 135.5 nationally). However, motor vehicle theft rates (603) exceed the national average (284), indicating specific security concerns to address.

Regarding transportation, access to reliable public transit proves essential. Many countries offer student-specific transit options. In the Netherlands, for example, the OV-chipkaart serves as the primary payment method for all public transportation. International students can benefit from customized public transport cards with special discounts through university partnerships like Erasmus University's collaboration with Student Mobility. Moreover, transportation can account for nearly 20% of college living expenses, making cost-effective options crucial.
 

Explore on-campus security services

On-campus security services provide immediate protection within your educational environment. Premier institutions invest heavily in comprehensive security infrastructure. For example, some universities maintain security teams of over 200 full-time personnel, including experienced ex-military staff, and install thousands of CCTV cameras across campus.

Look for universities offering:

• 24/7 security response teams with trained personnel
• Comprehensive CCTV monitoring systems
• Dedicated security personnel for residential facilities
• Emergency response protocols and coordination with local authorities
• Access control systems like turnstile gates and boom barriers

Security services should include first aid response, threat assessment, and special event security planning. Universities with 24-hour security control centers provide constant monitoring and rapid response capabilities, particularly important in emergencies requiring coordination with external responders.
 

Look into mental health and wellness support

Mental health services play a vital role in supporting international students facing unique challenges. Mental health professionals should demonstrate cultural sensitivity and awareness of diverse backgrounds, beliefs, and values. According to research, effective mental health support requires professionals trained in multicultural support and early assessment of students' individual needs.

Consider universities offering comprehensive mental health resources:

• On-campus counseling services with culturally knowledgeable staff
• Crisis support hotlines and after-hours assistance
• Mental health care plans coordinated with health insurance coverage
• Peer support networks and group counseling options
• Wellness programs addressing common concerns like isolation, anxiety, and depression

Before selecting a university abroad, investigate whether mental health services are easily accessible, properly advertised, and available during convenient hours. Additionally, check if professionals understand that some cultures view mental health support as taboo, requiring sensitive approaches to encourage early intervention.

By thoroughly assessing these safety and wellbeing factors, you position yourself to choose a university environment where you can focus on your studies with peace of mind.
 

Review University Facilities and Support Services

Support infrastructure at universities abroad directly influences your academic performance and overall experience. Beyond classrooms and laboratories, the quality of support services often determines how effectively you navigate your educational journey.
 

Check availability of academic support centers

Academic support centers serve as essential resources for optimizing your learning experience. Many universities offer comprehensive tutoring services across 40+ subject areas, from writing and mathematics to specialized fields like nursing and computer science. These centers typically provide both scheduled appointments and drop-in options, allowing flexibility based on your needs.

At most institutions, academic coaching programs assist with time management, study strategies, and schedule planning—skills particularly valuable when adapting to a new educational system abroad. For students facing learning challenges, centers like the Academic Support and Access Center at American University provide tailored assistance through testing accommodations and assistive technology.

Academic support centers frequently conduct workshops addressing specific challenges in university life, from enhancing test-taking techniques to improving study skills. At quality institutions, these services are completely free for enrolled students, typically offering appointments in either thirty-minute or one-hour sessions.
 

Explore student unions and library resources

Student unions form the social and organizational backbone of university life abroad. These bodies represent students' interests while fostering engagement through various activities. Most universities have dedicated student union buildings on campus housing social spaces, small retail outlets, eateries, and venues for recreational clubs and societies.

In addition to social spaces, student unions provide advocacy services and support for numerous campus organizations. By joining these unions, you gain opportunities for personal growth, skill development, networking, and active engagement in decisions affecting your education.

Library resources have evolved far beyond book collections. Modern university libraries offer advanced digital resources including online databases, e-journals, and specialized research tools. Many libraries maintain 24/7 helpdesk services with librarian assistance available around the clock. Libraries abroad also provide group discussion spaces, digital commons with networked computer facilities, and dedicated service desks for research assistance.

Yet, library systems vary considerably between countries. Some major research libraries require registration and payment of fees, particularly for special collections. Likewise, interlibrary loan services are better developed in countries like Great Britain and Germany than in others.
 

Understand international student support programs

Most universities with substantial international student populations have developed support systems designed specifically for your needs. The first point of contact is typically a team of international student advisers available via email, phone, or in person. These advisers help resolve common challenges including homesickness, culture shock, language difficulties, unfamiliar academic systems, immigration issues, and health problems.

Many institutions organize comprehensive orientation programs introducing you to campus facilities, local culture, and available support networks. Some universities implement innovative approaches like Singapore Management University's "host family" program, which matches international students with local families offering friendship and cultural integration support without providing accommodation.

Japan's JASSO exemplifies governmental support through various programs promoting international student exchanges, including scholarships, language education centers, and examination services for university admission. These programs often extend beyond graduation through follow-up services for alumni.

Before selecting a university abroad, investigate which international student support services are available and how accessible they are throughout your educational journey.
 

Compare Tuition Fees and Cost of Living

Financial planning stands as a critical element when selecting a university abroad. Beyond the obvious tuition fees, numerous expenses contribute to your total educational investment, varying dramatically based on location, lifestyle, and institution type.
 

Estimate total cost including housing and travel

Tuition fees differ significantly depending on your destination country. The USA typically charges the highest rates, with undergraduate programs ranging from ₹16.6 lakhs to ₹29.1 lakhs annually at public universities and ₹24.9 lakhs to ₹49.8 lakhs at private institutions. In contrast, German public universities offer programs with minimal or no tuition fees.

Accommodation represents your second major expense. On-campus housing generally saves both time and money but faces steep competition. Monthly housing costs vary substantially by location:

• USA: ₹66,520-75,316
• UK: ₹42,420-71,710
• Germany: ₹26,700-62,300
• Canada: ₹15,195-42,546

Travel expenses fall into three categories: initial flights to your destination, daily commute costs, and occasional sightseeing trips. Generally, metropolitan areas offer student discounts on public transportation, though some students sacrifice time for lower costs by choosing accommodations farther from campus.

Other recurring expenses include food (₹18,234-24,312 monthly in Canada), health insurance (₹700-₹1,100 annually in the USA), study materials (₹200-900 EUR yearly), and mobile/internet services[51]. First-time international students often overlook administrative fees (typically €150-250 per semester) and unforeseen costs like kitchen utensils or winter clothing[51].

Explore part-time work options

Many countries permit international students to work part-time, helping offset living expenses. Work regulations vary by country – most destinations limit students to 20 hours weekly during academic terms, with unlimited hours during vacation periods. Exceeding these limits risks visa revocation and possible deportation.

Common campus jobs include library assistant (₹3.08 million annually), teaching assistant (₹2.35 million annually), and department assistant (₹4.09 million annually). Off-campus positions like barista (₹2.38 million annually) or dining server (₹2.58 million annually) provide additional options.

In the UK, international students earn approximately £200-£400 weekly at £11.44 hourly (National Minimum Wage for those over 21). Nevertheless, never include expected employment income in your initial financial calculations.
 

Use cost calculators for different countries

Cost calculators provide tailored estimates of your potential expenses abroad. These tools typically incorporate:

• Accommodation preferences (on/off-campus, city center vs. suburbs)
• Food and cooking habits
• Transportation needs
• Utilities and leisure activities[57]

Many universities offer their own calculators with region-specific data. For instance, Edinburgh University estimates single student monthly expenses between £1,167-£2,330 depending on accommodation choices. Similarly, Cardiff University provides detailed breakdowns separating costs for EU/UK students versus international students.

The UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) recommends minimum living costs of £1,023 monthly for studying outside London. Indeed, creating a realistic budget requires research rather than relying on current account balances. Many financial experts recommend setting aside approximately 15-20% of your budget for unexpected expenses and emergencies.

Despite these significant costs, numerous funding opportunities exist through scholarships, grants, and education loans. Financial planning represents an investment in your future, with proper preparation ensuring you focus on academics rather than monetary concerns throughout your international education journey.
 

Explore Scholarship and Financial Aid Opportunities

Securing financial support represents one of the most challenging aspects of international education. Unlike domestic students, international students typically rely on personal resources, as they don't qualify for federal or state aid. Fortunately, various scholarship options exist to help fund your studies abroad.
 

Search for university-specific scholarships

Most institutions offer financial incentives for international students, though undergraduate aid is often more competitive than graduate funding. When researching university scholarships, distinguish between:

• Merit-based scholarships - Awarded for exceptional academic performance, TOEFL scores, or special talents in arts, music, or athletics
• Need-based scholarships - Granted to students who demonstrate financial need at predetermined levels

First-time international students should note that some universities, like Howard University, make need-based aid available only after your first year, though merit scholarships may be accessible immediately. Additionally, academic departments often maintain separate funding pools for exceptional international students, so contact both your university's financial aid office and your specific department.
 

Check eligibility for government or private funding

Beyond universities, numerous external sources offer financial support. Your home country's government may provide substantial funding—the Maharashtra Foreign Scholarship Program, for instance, has awarded over 2,038 scholarships totaling ₹450+ crore. Similarly, host countries offer competitive programs like the Chevening Scholarships (UK), DAAD Scholarships (Germany), and Fulbright Program (US).

Private organizations maintain scholarship databases with international student opportunities. Always choose free database services, as paid options typically provide identical information. Be cautious about dishonest scholarship offers—never send money or banking details to organizations promising scholarships in return.
 

Understand application timelines and requirements

Application deadlines vary significantly across scholarships. The Chevening Scholarship, for example, opens applications on August 6, 2024, and closes on November 5, 2024, with results announced from June 2025. Meanwhile, Qatar University scholarships have deadlines ranging from March to July 2025, with decisions released in May or August.

Most international scholarships require:

• Unconditional university acceptance letters
• Academic transcripts
• Proof of language proficiency
• Personal statements
• Letters of recommendation

Afterward, document preparation may continue even after selection—Chevening candidates have until July 10, 2025, to submit unconditional university offers. First and foremost, recognize that funding competition is intense, especially since undergraduate international students still rely heavily on personal and family funding sources.

Understand Campus Culture and Student Life

The vibrant social landscape of universities abroad offers opportunities that extend well beyond the classroom. Your university experience encompasses not just what you learn academically, yet equally what you gain through interactions, activities, and cultural exchanges that shape your personal growth.
 

Explore clubs, societies, and extracurriculars

University campuses worldwide boast impressive arrays of student organizations catering to diverse interests. Oxford University, for instance, offers over 400 officially recognized clubs and societies covering everything from sports to academic interests. These extracurricular activities serve as powerful tools for personal development, with students gaining leadership skills, teamwork abilities, and practical experience that complement their academic studies.

Extracurricular participation typically falls into several categories:

• Academic and professional organizations that enhance career prospects
• Cultural clubs celebrating heritage and traditions
• Sports teams at competitive and recreational levels
• Creative pursuits including art, music, and drama
• Community service and volunteer opportunities

Essentially, these activities help international students build networks that often last long after graduation, creating connections that extend back to their home countries. Many universities organize cultural food festivals, language workshops, and international celebrations that enrich campus life while offering domestic students exposure to global perspectives.
 

Check student diversity and inclusivity

The International Student Diversity (ISD) indicator measures both the ratio of international students to overall enrollment alongside the variety of nationalities represented. This metric reflects an institution's success in attracting students from diverse backgrounds, which enhances networking opportunities, cultural exchanges, and learning experiences.

Universities that excel in creating inclusive environments typically provide:

• Cultural centers where international students can celebrate their heritage
• Language support services for non-native speakers
• Regular social events that foster community connections
• Leadership programs that include international student voices in campus governance

Simultaneously, these inclusive practices help reduce feelings of isolation among international students, particularly important during their initial transition period. Campus communities that effectively integrate international perspectives tend to prepare all students better for the global workforce.
 

Read student testimonials and reviews

Before committing to a university abroad, reviewing authentic student experiences provides invaluable insights. Platforms like Abroad101 feature over 43,600 study abroad reviews covering more than 8,300 programs. These firsthand accounts often reveal aspects of university life that official marketing materials might overlook.

Alongside formal review platforms, social media groups and university forums offer unfiltered perspectives from current international students. When evaluating testimonials, focus on reviews discussing:

• Integration experiences and sense of belonging
• Quality of international student support
• Cultural adjustment challenges and resolutions
• Campus community inclusiveness

Primarily, seek testimonials from students with backgrounds similar to yours, as their experiences might better reflect what you can expect. Remember that even critical reviews can provide valuable information to help set realistic expectations about your university abroad experience.
 

Consider Location, Climate, and Lifestyle Fit

The physical location of your university abroad shapes every aspect of your day-to-day experience, often determining how well you adapt to your new environment. Beyond academic considerations, your surroundings directly impact your lifestyle, mental wellbeing, and social interactions.

Compare urban vs rural campus settings

Urban and rural universities offer distinctly different experiences for international students. Urban universities, located in major metropolitan areas, typically lack traditional campuses and instead scatter buildings throughout the city. These settings provide abundant networking opportunities and 24/7 entertainment options, from theaters and museums to restaurants and sports events. Urban institutions typically attract more diverse international student populations.

Rural campuses, alternatively, offer these advantages:

• Stronger campus community and easier relationship building
• Significantly lower cost of living (cheaper rent, utilities, and bills)
• Access to nature and green spaces between classes
• Less traffic, noise, and pollution

Yet rural settings may limit entertainment options and sometimes create feelings of isolation. Most rural universities compensate by developing self-contained environments where the majority of students live on campus, enhancing community feeling.
 

Evaluate climate preferences and accessibility

Climate adaptation represents a crucial yet often overlooked aspect of studying abroad. Before selecting a destination, research typical weather patterns throughout the academic year. Moving from tropical regions to colder locations requires significant preparation, including investing in appropriate clothing and understanding how to dress in layers.

Climate change has increasingly affected study abroad experiences, with unexpected extreme weather conditions becoming more common in certain regions. These climate considerations impact both your physical comfort and mental health, as seasonal changes like reduced sunlight in winter can affect wellbeing.
 

Look into local culture and language

Cultural immersion enhances your international education immeasurably. Approach your new environment with an open mindset, recognizing that locals may have different lifestyles and communication styles. Visiting local restaurants and cultural attractions offers authentic experiences while often saving money.

Building relationships exclusively with students from your home country limits cultural exposure. Throughout your stay, attempt to learn basic conversational phrases in the local language, even in English-speaking countries with strong regional dialects. This effort demonstrates respect for the host culture and typically improves your daily interactions.
 

Analyze Career Services and Employability Outcomes

Career prospects represent the ultimate return on your educational investment when studying at a university abroad. Beyond reputation, examining how institutions prepare students for employment should inform your university selection process.
 

Check internship and placement support

Universities with robust internship programs provide valuable practical experience before graduation. These institutions often collaborate with industry partners to secure internships that prepare you for post-graduation employment. Primarily, look for universities that offer specialized support for international students, including visa guidance for work placements and cross-cultural workplace preparation.

Internship experiences abroad substantially enhance your resume, giving you a competitive edge in the global job market. Subsequently, many institutions offer both paid and unpaid options, though paid opportunities typically provide stipends to offset living expenses. For example, UNICEF internships last between six and twenty-six weeks, offering monthly stipends and occasionally travel support.
 

Review graduate employment rates

Employment outcomes vary significantly by country. In Australia, 88% of international graduates secure jobs within four months of graduation, with average salaries around AUD 65,000. Comparatively, UK graduates typically earn GBP 38,700, while US graduates average USD 100,000.

Interestingly, employment rates for recent graduates in the EU reached 83.5% in 2023, ranging from 67.5% in Italy to 95.8% in Malta. Countries with the strongest employment outcomes include Malta (95.8%), the Netherlands (93.2%), and Germany (91.5%).
 

Explore industry partnerships and job fairs

Universities with extensive industry connections offer distinct advantages through collaborative research, guest lectures, and placement opportunities. These partnerships create invaluable networks with specialists and professionals in your field.

Career fairs represent excellent opportunities to connect with potential employers. Some institutions organize both in-person and virtual events, featuring employer expos and industry roundtables. Thereby, many universities structure these events to accommodate international students by clearly indicating which employers consider candidates on training visas.

Virtual career fairs have evolved to include realistic environments with employer booths, interview scheduling capabilities, and AI matchmaking algorithms to connect you with positions aligned to your skills and preferences.
 

Investigate Post-Study Work Opportunities

Post-study work rights frequently determine university selection for international students, often becoming the deciding factor above academic reputation or program structure. These opportunities allow you to gain valuable international experience while potentially creating pathways to permanent residency.
 

Understand visa rules for work after graduation

Post-graduation work permits vary significantly in application requirements and duration. In Canada, the Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) allows graduates to work for up to 3 years depending on program length. Primarily, you must have completed a program at a Designated Learning Institution (DLI) lasting at least eight months. For master's degree programs completed after February 15, 2024, you can apply for a 3-year PGWP regardless of program duration.

The UK's Graduate Route permits international students to remain and work for 2 years after graduation (3 years for doctoral graduates). Fundamentally, applications must be submitted while you're still in the UK with a valid student visa.
 

Check countries with favorable post-study policies

Several countries have developed attractive post-study work options:

• Australia - Temporary Graduate Visa allows stays of 18 months to 4 years based on qualifications
• USA - Optional Practical Training permits 12 months of work, with STEM graduates eligible for an additional 24-month extension
• New Zealand - Post-Study Work Visa grants 1-3 years depending on degree level
• Germany - Residence Permit for Job Search extends stays by 18 months
• Singapore - Long-Term Visit Pass enables graduates to remain for one year

The Netherlands offers the Orientation Year visa, allowing graduates from Dutch institutions or top 200 global universities to stay for up to one year while searching for employment.
 

Explore alumni success stories

Alumni experiences reveal the tangible benefits of post-study work opportunities. Statistics show that 94% of graduates find employment within six months of completing their studies. Furthermore, approximately 80% secure management responsibilities within two years.

In Australia, 88% of international graduates obtain jobs within four months of graduation, earning average salaries around AUD 65,000. Recent testimonials highlight how post-study work rights create pathways to career success: "I picked UTS because of how the course requires a work experience component to complete. I wanted to start working on real-world projects as soon as possible".
 

Verify Accreditation and Global Recognition

Legitimacy and global recognition of your university degree ultimately determine its value in the job market and for further education. First and foremost, verifying these credentials before enrollment saves you from potentially worthless qualifications and wasted resources.
 

Ensure the university is accredited in your field

Accreditation is a quality assurance process that evaluates whether institutions meet specific standards. In most countries, government organizations like ministries of education handle this process, while in the United States, private agencies perform this function. To verify accreditation, consult the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) international directory, which contains information on 467 quality assurance bodies across 175 countries. In fact, many countries make accreditation mandatory—India requires it for all universities except those created through an act of Parliament. Beyond that, look for program-specific accreditation relevant to your field, as this ensures your degree meets industry standards.
 

Check international recognition of degrees

For global mobility, your degree must be recognized internationally. The IAU WHED Portal, in collaboration with UNESCO, provides authoritative information on accredited higher education institutions, currently listing approximately 21,000 HEIs worldwide. To appear in this database, institutions must be recognized by their national competent body and offer degree programs lasting at least four years. This verification helps avoid "diploma mills" that issue fake credentials.

Review rankings in context of your goals

As a rule, university rankings offer valuable insights but have clear limitations. Both QS and THE rankings use different methodologies—QS emphasizes academic reputation, employer feedback, and faculty-student ratios, while THE focuses on teaching quality, research output, and citations. For specialized fields, subject-specific rankings provide more relevant information than overall institutional rankings. ARWU rankings particularly benefit science students, as they heavily weight research publications and citations. In essence, rankings should complement your research rather than drive your decision, especially for arts, humanities, and professional disciplines where citation metrics matter less.
 

Making Your Final Decision: Beyond the Rankings

Choosing the right university abroad requires careful consideration of numerous factors beyond prestigious names and ranking positions. Throughout this article, we've explored ten essential elements that should influence your decision-making process.

First and foremost, your academic journey demands an institution with relevant courses and strong faculty rather than simply impressive overall rankings. Similarly, your personal safety and wellbeing serve as foundations for academic success, making campus security and mental health support non-negotiable priorities.

Support services and facilities directly impact your daily experience, while financial planning remains crucial for completing your degree without unnecessary stress. Accordingly, scholarship opportunities can transform your educational possibilities when systematically researched and pursued.

The social aspects of university life—from diverse student organizations to inclusive campus cultures—shape your personal growth alongside academic development. Likewise, location considerations including climate, urban versus rural settings, and cultural compatibility affect your adaptation to life abroad.

Career prospects ultimately represent the true value of your international education investment. Therefore, universities with strong internship programs, industry connections, and high employment rates deserve special attention. Additionally, post-study work rights often provide pathways to valuable international experience and potential permanent residency.

Last but certainly not least, accreditation and global recognition ensure your degree maintains value regardless of where your career takes you. Though rankings offer helpful perspectives, they should complement rather than drive your decision-making process.

Finding the perfect university abroad means balancing these factors against your personal priorities, academic goals, and career aspirations. Armed with this comprehensive framework, you now possess the tools to make an informed choice that extends far beyond simplistic ranking charts—one that aligns with both your immediate educational needs and long-term professional objectives.

The average salary in Portugal is estimated at around 1,151 euros per month after taxes in 2025. However, the gross pay is around 1,707 euros per month, and the monthly average wage for full-time workers in Portugal is 1091 euros.
 

Recently, Portugal witnessed a positive job market trend in July, with an unemployment rate dropping from 6.7% to 6.2%.
 

Portugal has progressive personal income tax rates ranging from 13% to 47% from January 2025. The average annual salary is 24,878 euros, and the tax ruling is 25%. So, the average net wage after the tax is 18,658.50 euros.
 

*Want to work in Portugal? Talk to Y-Axis for complete guidance.
 

What is the median wage in Portugal?

In 2025, the minimum wage in Portugal was 870 Euros per month, whereas it was 820 Euros. In 2024, as it increased this year, the minimum wage in Portugal now amounts to a total salary of 12,180 euros (14 installments of 870 euros). Any foreign national working part-time or being paid hourly can expect to earn about 4.40 euros per hour.
 

In 2024, the median salary in Portugal is around 1,777 Euros per month or 24,878 Euros per year. The figure serves to split the population into two equal segments:
 

• Those who are earning above this amount
• Those who are earning below this amount
   

Highest paying jobs in Portugal

Portugal has a thriving job market that offers opportunities across various industries. Below are the lists of highest paying jobs in Portugal:

Average Salaries in Portugal according to Cities

The provincial salary varies in Portugal, such as:

What can be considered a good salary in Portugal?

A good salary in Portugal is 45,000 euros a year, the gross salary of a single person. This allows foreign nationals to reside comfortably across the country, including in major cities like Lisbon.
 

The cost of living in Lisbon, the most expensive Portuguese city by many measures, is 781 Euro per month for a single person, including rent. If a foreign national earns around 45,000 euros a year, it would be enough for the applicant to cover rent, bills, and the occasional splurge.
 

Factors that are affecting salary in Portugal

Below are the factors that are affecting salaries in Portugal:

• Salary by education level and experience
• Economic factors affecting salaries
• Choice of industry
• Location
• Occupation
• Size of the company
   

 *Want assistance with Portugal Immigration? Talk to Y-Axis, the world’s No. 1 overseas immigration consultancy for end-to-end support.

Planning to study abroad in 2025? The exams to study abroad might seem overwhelming at first glance. More than 3 million people take the IELTS exam annually, making it the most popular English proficiency test for international education.

However, IELTS is just one piece of the puzzle. The landscape of entrance exams for foreign universities continues to expand, with options like TOEFL (accepted by over 11,000 universities across 150 nations) and the convenient Duolingo test that takes only 60 minutes to complete. Furthermore, specialized tests like the GMAT (essential for admission into over 5,400 MBA programs worldwide) and GRE (accepted by more than 1,200 business universities globally) serve as gateways to specific academic paths.

The trend of studying abroad has been steadily increasing, with students actively seeking international degrees for the diverse opportunities they provide. Consequently, understanding what exams are required to study abroad has become crucial for your academic journey. Whether you're exploring exams to study abroad after 12th or researching exams for abroad studies after engineering, this comprehensive guide covers the seven most important tests you'll need to conquer to make your international education dreams a reality in 2025.
 

IELTS (International English Language Testing System)

The IELTS stands as a cornerstone entrance exam to study abroad, recognized by over 11,500 institutions worldwide. Unlike other exams for abroad studies, IELTS assesses all four language skills crucial for academic success and global mobility.
 

IELTS exam structure and format

The IELTS offers two primary test versions tailored to your specific needs. The Academic module suits those planning to study at undergraduate or postgraduate levels, while the General Training module is designed for migration to English-speaking countries or training below degree level.

Both test formats examine four key language components:

1. Listening (30 minutes): Contains 40 questions divided into four sections. The first two sections focus on everyday social contexts, while sections 3 and 4 cover educational and academic situations.

2. Reading (60 minutes): Features 40 questions across three sections with approximately 2,150-2,750 words total. Reading passages and question types differ between Academic and General Training versions.

3. Writing (60 minutes): Includes two tasks requiring at least 150 words for Task 1 and 250 words for Task 2. The Academic module requires analyzing visual information like graphs in Task 1, while General Training focuses on letter writing.

4. Speaking (11-14 minutes): A face-to-face interview with three parts: introduction and interview (4-5 minutes), individual long turn (3-4 minutes), and two-way discussion (4-5 minutes).

Additionally, specialized versions exist for UK visa applications, including IELTS for UKVI and IELTS Life Skills tests that assess specific language competencies based on visa requirements.
 

» Take IELTS Coaching
 

IELTS scoring and minimum requirements

IELTS uses a 9-band scoring system where each language skill receives an individual score, then averaged for your overall band score. Here's what these scores represent:

• Band 9: Expert user with complete command of English
• Band 8: Very good user with occasional minor inaccuracies
• Band 7: Good user who handles complex language despite occasional errors
• Band 6: Competent user with effective command despite some inaccuracies
• Band 5: Modest user with partial command and many mistakes

For the Listening and Reading sections, each correct answer earns 1 mark out of 40, later converted to the band scale. Meanwhile, Writing and Speaking assessments use specific criteria including task achievement, coherence, lexical resource, grammatical range, and pronunciation.

Most universities require minimum overall scores between 6.0 and 7.0 for undergraduate programs, and 6.5 to 7.5 for postgraduate studies. Notably, for UK visa applications, the requirements vary by visa type—from CEFR level A1 (IELTS Life Skills) for some visas to C1 (IELTS 7.0 in all components) for others.

IELTS exam fees and validity

As of 2025, the IELTS exam fee in India is INR 18,000 for both Academic and General Training modules. This standardized fee applies consistently across all test centers in India, regardless of city location. The cost remains the same whether you choose the paper-based or computer-delivered format.

For the UKVI version, there's a slight premium—INR 18,250 for both computer and paper-based formats. Moreover, if you're dissatisfied with a particular skill score, the One Skill Retake option costs INR 12,000.

Regarding validity, IELTS scores remain officially valid for two years from the test date. After this period, your scores expire since language proficiency may change over time.
 

IELTS for scholarships and visa applications

Beyond university admissions, your IELTS score can unlock scholarship opportunities and facilitate visa applications. Several notable IELTS-related scholarships exist for Indian students:

• British Council IELTS Award offers £3,000 to £10,000 for tuition fees abroad to eight Indian students annually
• IDP Education scholarships totaling INR 30 lakh for students with high IELTS scores planning to study in Canada, UK, Australia or New Zealand
• IELTS Great Scholarship provides up to £10,000 for one-year postgraduate courses at top UK universities

For visa purposes, IELTS serves as an essential requirement. The UK immigration system, for instance, specifies minimum IELTS scores based on visa type. For student visas below degree level, you need IELTS for UKVI with at least 4.0 in all four components (B1 level). Degree-level studies require minimum 5.5 in all components (B2 level).

Similarly, Australia accepts IELTS results for immigration, including the One Skill Retake option for most visa subclasses except 476, 482, and 485, which require scores from a single sitting.
 

TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)

As another major entrance exam to study abroad, the TOEFL measures academic English proficiency and is accepted by more than 11,000 universities across 150 countries. This standardized test evaluates your readiness to succeed in an English-speaking academic environment through a comprehensive assessment system.
 

TOEFL test types and delivery modes

The TOEFL is primarily available in two formats. The TOEFL iBT (Internet-Based Test) is the most widely used version, accessible both at official test centers and as a home edition monitored by a human proctor. Specifically, the test center option provides a traditional testing environment with all equipment provided, while the TOEFL iBT Home Edition offers the same test from your residence, provided you meet certain environment and equipment requirements.

Though previously available, the TOEFL Paper-Based Test (PBT) is becoming obsolete. Indeed, as of January 20, 2024, the Paper Edition is no longer offered, although existing scores remain valid for two years after the test date.

Regardless of delivery mode, the TOEFL measures all four academic skills—reading, listening, speaking, and writing—through content that closely reflects how English is used in everyday academic settings. The test contains 100% academic content with integrated tasks, though the total duration has decreased from three hours to approximately two hours (116 minutes) as of July 2023.

» Take TOELF Coaching
 

TOEFL score range and top university cutoffs

The TOEFL iBT scoring system ranges from 0–120 points total, with each section (reading, listening, speaking, and writing) scored from 0–30. Your responses in Speaking and Writing sections are evaluated by a combination of AI scoring and ETS-certified human raters to ensure accuracy and minimize bias.

Although there's no official passing score, top universities worldwide set their own cutoffs:

• United States: Prestigious institutions like MIT require 90+, Stanford demands 100-110+, and Harvard doesn't specify minimums but recommends strong English proficiency
• United Kingdom: Oxford and Cambridge expect 100-110+, while LSE sets a higher bar at 107+
• Canada: University of Toronto requires 100+, McGill University accepts 86+, and UBC looks for 90-100+
• Australia: Melbourne University requires 79+, UNSW Sydney expects 90+, and ANU ranges from 80-100+
• Germany: Requirements vary widely, with TU Munich setting no minimum while Free University of Berlin requires 100+

TOEFL scores remain valid for two years from your test date, after which they expire since language proficiency can change significantly over time.
 

TOEFL exam fees and retake policy

In 2025, the standard TOEFL iBT exam fee in India is INR 16,900 for all major formats, including the iBT, paper-based, and TOEFL at Home tests. The shorter TOEFL Essentials Test costs approximately INR 9,996.78.

Beyond the registration fee, you may encounter additional charges:

• Late registration fee: INR 3,900 (for registrations within 7 days of the exam)
• Rescheduling fee: INR 5,900
• Additional score reports: INR 1,950 per recipient
• Speaking or Writing section score review: INR 7,900

Concerning retakes, you can take the TOEFL repeatedly, but must wait at least 3 days between attempts. Initially, ETS had a 12-day waiting period policy, but this has been modified.

If you need to cancel your exam, you must do so at least four days before your test date to receive a partial refund. Subsequently, you'll be eligible for 50% of your test fee, with no cash refunds available. The refund amount is credited back to your original payment method in US Dollars.

The scoring delivery timeline varies by test format—typically available in your ETS account within 11–13 business days for the Paper Edition, with similar timeframes for score delivery to universities.
 

PTE (Pearson Test of English)

The Pearson Test of English (PTE) represents a modern alternative among entrance exams for foreign universities, gaining recognition from over 3,000 institutions worldwide. This computer-based English proficiency assessment uses cutting-edge AI technology to minimize human biases while delivering fast, accurate results—a key feature that distinguishes it from other exams for abroad studies.

» Take PTE Coaching
 

PTE exam format and sections

The PTE Academic evaluates your English proficiency through three main parts, completed in a single two-hour session:

Part 1: Speaking & Writing (54-67 minutes) This longest section combines speaking and writing assessments through seven distinct question types. The speaking component evaluates your pronunciation, fluency, and oral communication abilities in academic contexts.

Part 2: Reading (29-30 minutes) This section contains five different question formats that assess your comprehension abilities. You'll encounter multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blanks, and paragraph reordering tasks that measure your ability to understand academic texts.

Part 3: Listening (30-43 minutes) The final component evaluates your ability to understand spoken English through eight question types. You'll listen to various audio clips and respond to questions that test your comprehension of lectures, conversations, and academic discussions.

Particularly noteworthy is that the PTE exam is administered entirely on computer with a headset provided by the test center. Alternatively, some candidates may opt for the Home Edition, allowing them to take the test remotely.
 

PTE scoring system and interpretation

The PTE Academic uses a scoring scale of 10-90 points, where 90 represents the highest possible achievement. Your score report includes two essential components:

1. Overall Score: This comprehensive score (10-90) reflects your general English proficiency across all tested skills.

2. Communicative Skills Scores: These individual scores evaluate your performance in four key areas:

   • Speaking: Assesses fluency, pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary
   • Writing: Evaluates grammar, accuracy, vocabulary, and coherence
   • Reading: Measures comprehension of various text types
   • Listening: Tests understanding of spoken English in different contexts

The PTE scoring mechanism utilizes different evaluation methods depending on the task type:

• Correct/Incorrect: Objective tasks with definitive answers receive full credit for correct responses
• Partial Credit: More complex tasks involving subjective evaluation earn partial credit based on various factors
• Automated Scoring: Most tasks are initially scored by sophisticated algorithms

Essentially, the PTE provides detailed feedback on your performance in each skill area, offering valuable guidance for future preparation.
 

PTE exam cost and result turnaround time

In 2025, the standard fee for the PTE Academic Test in India is ₹17,000. This may vary slightly, as another source indicates the cost is ₹15,900. When booking within 48 hours of the test date, you must pay an additional late booking fee of approximately ₹695.

Regarding payment methods, candidates can pay for the PTE exam using credit or debit cards. If you decide to cancel your test, you may receive:

• 100% refund if cancelation occurs 14+ days before the test date
• 50% refund if cancelation occurs 7-14 days before the test date
• No refund if cancelation occurs less than 7 days before the test date

One of the most appealing aspects of the PTE Academic is its rapid result delivery. Whereas other exams for studying abroad may take weeks, PTE results are typically available within five business days following the test date. Often, candidates receive their scores even faster—sometimes within just two business days.

Your PTE scores remain valid for two years from the test date[51]. After this period, you'll need to retake the exam if still required for your abroad entrance exam needs. Conveniently, there's no limit to how many times you can take the PTE, though you must maintain a gap of 5-14 days between attempts.
 

Duolingo English Test

Among the newer exams for studying abroad, the Duolingo English Test (DET) has emerged as a revolutionary option, accepted by over 5,500 institutions worldwide, including top US universities. Its computer-based format offers unparalleled convenience for international students seeking quick, accessible language certification.
 

Duolingo test structure and adaptive format

The DET features a unique computer-adaptive design that adjusts question difficulty based on your performance—making easier questions follow incorrect answers and harder ones follow correct responses. This dynamic testing method ensures precise assessment in substantially less time than traditional exams for abroad studies.

The entire test process takes just 60 minutes, divided into three distinct segments:

• A 5-minute introduction explaining test rules and requirements
• A 45-minute adaptive assessment evaluating reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills
• A 10-minute video interview with open-ended writing and speaking samples shared with institutions

During the adaptive section, you'll encounter various challenge types including Read and Select, Fill in the Blanks, Read and Complete, Read Aloud, and Listen and Type questions. Regarding logistics, the test now requires two cameras for security—one for monitoring you and another recording your computer screen and keyboard.
 

Duolingo score range and university acceptance

The DET uses a holistic scoring scale from 10 to 160, with scores typically categorized into four proficiency levels:

• Basic (10-55): Understanding simple English in familiar contexts
• Intermediate (60-85): Managing routine communication with some hesitation
• Upper-Intermediate (90-115): Handling unfamiliar topics and abstract concepts
• Advanced (125-160): Comprehending complex language and communicating effectively

For university admissions, score requirements vary by institution and program. Generally, top universities accept scores between 100-120. Programs with higher academic demands typically require 110 or higher, yet certain institutions accept scores as low as 90. Professional courses like MBA and MS in Data Science often expect scores exceeding 120 for competitive consideration.
 

Duolingo test fees and result speed

A standout feature of this entrance exam to study abroad is its affordability. The standard DET fee is ₹5,906.63, making it significantly cheaper than traditional alternatives. For candidates needing faster processing, an additional ₹3,290.84 purchases the "Faster Results" upgrade.

Furthermore, the DET delivers results remarkably quickly—within 48 hours of test completion. With the Faster Results option, you can receive your scores in just 12 hours—dramatically faster than TOEFL (4-8 days) or IELTS (3-5 days).

Duolingo scores remain valid for two years from the test date. The test also offers exceptional flexibility, allowing up to three attempts within any 30-day period and unlimited lifetime retakes.
 

Duolingo vs other English proficiency exams

Comparatively, the DET stands out among exams to study abroad in several key aspects. First, its 60-minute duration is substantially shorter than IELTS (165 minutes) and TOEFL (180 minutes). Likewise, its cost is approximately one-third that of traditional alternatives.

In terms of structure, Duolingo uniquely combines language skills rather than testing them separately. For instance, reading and writing are assessed together, as are speaking and listening—reflecting how language is actually used in academic settings.

Regarding difficulty, many consider the DET easier than IELTS due to its adaptive format and shorter duration. Yet comparisons remain challenging since equivalency charts suggest a score of 115-120 on Duolingo roughly equals an IELTS 7.0 band or TOEFL score around 95.
 

GRE (Graduate Record Examination)

For graduate program aspirants, the GRE represents a critical entrance exam for foreign universities, accepted by more than 1,300 business schools and numerous specialized master's programs worldwide. This comprehensive assessment evaluates skills developed over time that predict academic success in demanding graduate environments.

» Take GRE Coaching
 

GRE exam sections and question types

The GRE General Test features three main sections that assess different intellectual capabilities:

1. Analytical Writing (30 minutes): Consists of one "Analyze an Issue" task requiring articulation of complex ideas, supporting arguments with reasons and examples, and demonstrating standard written English proficiency.

2. Verbal Reasoning (two sections, 18-23 minutes each): Evaluates your ability to analyze written material, synthesize information, recognize relationships among words, and understand multiple levels of meaning. The first section contains 12 questions while the second has 15 questions.

3. Quantitative Reasoning (two sections, 21-26 minutes each): Tests basic mathematical skills, understanding of elementary concepts, and problem-solving ability through various question formats. Like the verbal section, it includes 12 questions in the first section and 15 in the second.

Uniquely, the GRE employs a section-level adaptive format—your performance on the first section determines the difficulty level of the second section for both Verbal and Quantitative measures.
 

GRE scoring and percentile benchmarks

The GRE uses a scoring scale of 130-170 for both Verbal and Quantitative sections (in one-point increments) and 0-6 for Analytical Writing (in half-point increments).

To interpret these scores meaningfully, consider these percentile benchmarks based on test-takers between 2020-2023:

• Verbal Reasoning: Score of 160 represents the 84th percentile
• Quantitative Reasoning: Score of 160 represents the 53rd percentile
• Analytical Writing: Score of 4.0 represents the 59th percentile

A total score between 320-340 is typically considered excellent, while 300+ is generally good for many programs.
 

GRE exam fees and validity

The standard GRE General Test fee is INR 18,563.70 for most global locations, with slight variations for China (INR 19,517.20). Indian test-takers specifically pay INR 22,550 as of 2025.

Additional costs include:

• Rescheduling: Approximately INR 4,640.92
• Changing test center: INR 4,640.92
• Additional score reports: INR 3,375.22 per recipient

Your GRE scores remain valid for five years from the test date, offering flexibility for future applications.
 

GRE for MS and MBA programs abroad

Beyond MBA programs, the GRE serves as a gateway to numerous MS programs globally. For international students, GRE score requirements vary by institution and program competitiveness:

• A score above 320 is typically preferred for elite universities
• 300+ is considered solid for most quality programs
• Scores below 260 may limit your options significantly

Interestingly, the GRE has become increasingly popular for MBA admissions as an alternative to the GMAT. Its more versatile nature includes less math focus and provides a calculator for quantitative problems, which many test-takers find advantageous.
 

GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test)

The GMAT stands as the premier entrance exam for foreign universities offering business programs, trusted by more than 7,700 programs across 2,400 business schools worldwide. With its business-specific focus, this exam serves as a critical gateway for MBA aspirants internationally.
 

GMAT exam structure and duration

The GMAT Focus Edition released in 2023 features a streamlined format lasting 2 hours and 15 minutes with an optional 10-minute break between sections. This computer-adaptive test comprises three equally timed sections of 45 minutes each:

• Quantitative Reasoning: 21 questions assessing mathematical aptitude and problem-solving skills
• Verbal Reasoning: 23 questions evaluating reading and critical thinking abilities
• Data Insights: 20 questions testing data interpretation skills with tables and graphs

A key advantage of the GMAT is its flexible section ordering—you can tackle the three sections in any sequence and place your optional break wherever preferred. Furthermore, the exam allows bookmarking questions with the option to revisit up to three questions per section if time permits.
 

GMAT scoring and top B-school requirements

The GMAT Focus Edition uses a scoring scale ranging from 205 to 805 points. For competitive MBA programs, score requirements vary significantly:

• Elite programs: Top-16 U.S. business schools typically expect scores of 700+
• European programs: Leading European schools accept average scores ranging from 638-709
• Global benchmarks: The worldwide mean GMAT score is approximately 546

In fact, Harvard Business School reported a median score of 740 in 2023, illustrating the high standards at premier institutions.
 

GMAT cost and retake options

The standard GMAT registration fee in India is ₹23,204.62 as of 2025. Additional costs may include:

• Rescheduling: ₹4,640.92 (60+ days before), escalating to ₹13,922.77 (2-14 days before)
• Cancelation: Partial refunds available depending on timing

Regarding retakes, you can attempt the GMAT up to five times within any 12-month period with a mandatory 16-day waiting period between attempts. Throughout your lifetime, you're permitted eight total attempts.
 

GMAT vs GRE for MBA abroad

Though both exams serve as entrance exams for foreign universities, they differ substantially:

• Design purpose: The GMAT is specifically created for business school admissions, whereas the GRE serves broader graduate programs
• Question emphasis: GMAT verbal focuses heavily on grammar and logic, while GRE emphasizes vocabulary
• Mathematical rigor: GMAT quantitative sections are generally considered more challenging
• Test approach: The GMAT requires analysis of others' arguments; the GRE expects you to construct your own

Hence, for traditional MBA applicants from finance or consulting backgrounds, experts often recommend the GMAT first.
 

SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test)

For high school students aspiring to undergraduate education internationally, the SAT remains one of the most significant exams to study abroad after 12th grade. This standardized test evaluates written, verbal, and mathematical skills essential for college readiness.
 

SAT exam format and sections

The SAT has transitioned to a fully digital, computer-adaptive format lasting 2 hours and 14 minutes with a 10-minute break. This shorter duration gives students 68% more time per question than the competing ACT exam.

The test comprises two main sections:

• Reading and Writing (64 minutes): Consists of two 32-minute modules with 54 questions total, covering literature, history, humanities, and science
• Math (70 minutes): Features two 35-minute modules with 44 questions total, assessing algebra, problem-solving, advanced math, geometry, and trigonometry[110]

Uniquely, the SAT employs adaptive testing—your performance on the first module determines the difficulty level of the second module in each section.
 

SAT score range and competitive benchmarks

The SAT uses a 400-1600 point scale, with each section scored 200-800. According to College Board data, competitive scores fall into these percentile ranges:

• 1350-1400: Approximately 90th percentile
• 1200-1300: Around 75th-85th percentile
• 1000-1100: Approximately 40th-60th percentile

SAT exam fees and frequency

The standard registration fee as of 2025 is INR 5,737.87. Additional costs include:

• Late registration: INR 2,868.94
• Test center change: INR 2,447.03
• Cancelation: INR 2,447.03 (before deadline) or INR 3,290.84 (late cancelation)

The exam is offered seven times annually—March, May, June, August, October, November, and December.
 

SAT for undergraduate admissions abroad

More than 3,000 institutions globally accept SAT scores across various academic disciplines. While many US universities recently reinstated SAT requirements after making them optional during COVID-19, others remain test-optional. Besides the US, countries including Canada, UK, Singapore, Australia, and New Zealand recognize SAT scores for undergraduate admissions.
 

Comparison of Exams You Can Take to Study Abroad
 

Conclusion

Navigating the complex landscape of international education requires thorough preparation, especially when it comes to these crucial entrance exams. Each test serves a distinct purpose in your academic journey abroad. IELTS and TOEFL stand as traditional English proficiency benchmarks, while PTE offers technological advancement with AI scoring. Duolingo, despite being newer, provides an affordable, time-efficient alternative that many prestigious institutions now accept.

Additionally, specialized exams like the GRE and GMAT open doors to specific graduate programs—the former for various disciplines with a generous five-year validity period, the latter designed specifically for business school applicants with its unique focus on quantitative and data analysis skills. SAT scores, undoubtedly essential for undergraduate aspirants, continue to influence admissions decisions at thousands of institutions worldwide.

Your exam selection should align with your academic goals and target institutions. Though these tests might seem challenging, understanding their structures, scoring systems, and requirements significantly increases your chances of success. The cost comparison reveals substantial differences—from Duolingo's affordable ₹5,906 to GMAT's premium ₹23,204—allowing you to budget accordingly.

Above all, remember that these exams measure readiness rather than intelligence. Therefore, strategic preparation trumps last-minute cramming. Careful consideration of your strengths, weaknesses, and desired destinations will help you choose the most appropriate exams from this comprehensive guide. With dedicated preparation and clear goals, these standardized tests become stepping stones rather than obstacles on your path to international education in 2025.
 

FAQs

Q1. Which English proficiency test is most widely accepted for studying abroad? 

While IELTS and TOEFL are the most widely accepted, many universities now also recognize PTE and Duolingo. IELTS is accepted by over 11,500 institutions worldwide, making it the most popular choice for international education.

Q2. How long are test scores valid for most exams to study abroad? 

Most English proficiency test scores (IELTS, TOEFL, PTE, Duolingo) are valid for 2 years from the test date. The GRE stands out with a longer validity period of 5 years, giving students more flexibility in their application timeline.

Q3. What is the most affordable exam option for studying abroad? 

The Duolingo English Test is significantly more affordable than traditional options, costing around ₹5,900 compared to ₹16,000-₹18,000 for IELTS or TOEFL. It also offers the fastest result turnaround, typically within 48 hours.

Q4. How do the GMAT and GRE differ for MBA applications? 

The GMAT is specifically designed for business school admissions with a focus on quantitative skills and data analysis. The GRE is more versatile, accepted by both business schools and other graduate programs. Some students find the GMAT more challenging, especially in its quantitative sections.

Q5. Are there any advantages to taking the digital SAT for undergraduate admissions? 

The digital SAT offers several advantages, including a shorter test duration of 2 hours and 14 minutes, adaptive testing that adjusts difficulty based on performance, and 68% more time per question compared to the ACT. It's also offered more frequently throughout the year, providing greater flexibility for test-takers.

The average monthly salary in Sweden is SEK 539,700, which is a salary of SEK 44,975. While the entry-level position starts with an average lower salary of SEK 137,400 (SEK 11,450 monthly), experienced professionals in top roles can earn as much as SEK 2,411,500 annually or SEK 200,958 per month.
 

According to the 2023 report, the average monthly salary in Sweden was SEK 34,800, making a yearly salary of 417,600 in 2024. For an 8-hour workday, the hourly wage is about SEK 207.14.
 

*Want to work in Sweden? Talk to Y-Axis for complete guidance.
 

Average salaries in Sweden according to region

Sweden has a different distribution. It is higher in major cities and the capital city while in rural areas. Stockholm is the capital of Sweden, and it has the highest salary of SEK 38,000. The reason behind the high salary increment is the domination of sectors like the tech industry, with high-paying salaries and corporate headquarters, hence its position in the first place. Stockholm is followed by Gotland, around SEK 37,500.
 

Sweden has a different economic pattern that can be witnessed between central and southern cities. Central cities such as Halland and Västra Götaland offer higher average salaries of around SEK 35,000-36,000, whereas northern regions such as Västerbotten and Norrbotten have lower average salaries of around SEK 34,000. Most of the country falls within the average salary range of SEK 32,000-36,000 monthly.
 

 Average monthly salaries in Sweden

Below are the average monthly salaries across various occupational sectors:

What can be considered a good salary in Sweden?

A good net salary is at least SEK 28,900 (€2,541) per month. A single person's estimated monthly costs, including the cost of living, total around SEK 20,306 (€1,786).

Here are the lists of good salaries in Sweden industry-wise:

List of Highest paying jobs in Sweden

The highest-paying jobs in Sweden are typically found in specialized technology fields. Below are some of the common professions yearly salaries for expats in Sweden:

*Looking for a high-paying job in Sweden? See the Highest paying in-demand jobs in Sweden.
 

International Companies Hiring In Sweden

Certain international companies are hiring foreign nationals to work in Sweden, which are:

• 10 Chambers
• Klarna
• Rovio
• Volvo Cars
• IKEA
• Tetracpac
• Ericsson
   

Benefits of working in Sweden

Here are some benefits of working in Sweden

• Enjoy universal healthcare
• Parental leave
• Childcare benefits
• Education
• Unemployment benefits
• Sick leaves
   

Sweden Labor Market Facts 

Below are some the interesting labor market facts in Sweden that foreign nationals must know before working in Sweden:

• 80% of strong Labor participation rates
• Generous parental leaves
• High union membership
• Flexible working environment
• Low unemployment rate
• Worker’s compensation rate
   

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The average salary in Canada is CAD 64,850 per annum and 5,404 per month, and CAD 36.80 per hour, which converts to INR 3,979,467 per annum, 331,612 per month, and 2,267.73 per hour. However, the average salary offered in Canada may vary depending on the location, province, industry, job role, experience, and qualifications. A fresher can expect an annual average salary of CAD 32,175, while experienced professionals may earn up to CAD 58,706 annually. Canadian provinces like Ontario and British Columbia tend to offer higher average wages, while Canadian cities like Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver offer competitive salary packages.

*Want to work in Canada? Let Y-Axis assist you with the process.

Average salary offered in the top 3 Canadian cities

Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver are the top three Canadian cities with high average annual salaries. While Toronto and Vancouver are considered expensive to live in, Montreal, on the other hand, is comparatively affordable with a low cost of living. The average salaries offered in these cities differ based on industry, job role, experience, etc.  

The table below has details of the top 3 Canadian cities, the average annual salaries offered, and the cost of living:

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Average salary offered in the top 3 Canadian cities

Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia are the top three Canadian provinces that offer high average salaries. While Ontario and British Columbia are expensive to live in, Alberta is comparatively affordable and budget-friendly.

The table below has details of the top 3 Canadian provinces, the average annual salaries offered, and the cost of living:

Also, read…

Which province in Canada has more job opportunities in 2023?

What is the minimum wage in Canada?

Starting April 2025, the federal minimum wage in Canada will be $17.75 per hour. Certain Canadian provinces, like Yukon, offer an average hourly wage of $17.97. Anything over $70,000 is considered a good salary to lead a comfortable life in Canada.

*Looking for jobs in Canada? Avail Y-Axis Job Search Services to find the right one.

Top Paid Jobs in Canada

The table below has the list of top-paid jobs in Canada, along with the total number of job vacancies and the average salaries offered:

Read more…

Highest Paying Jobs in Canada for Indians

Top companies hiring in Canada

A recent survey done by Statistics Canada and Forbes surveyed over 40,000 Canadian employees to list the 25 best employers in Canada. According to the recent Canada’s Best Employers edition, Google ranked as the No.1 position, followed by Microsoft and Concordia University.

The table below has the list of top industries and companies in Canada that are currently hiring:

*Are you looking for step-by-step assistance with Canadian immigration? Contact Y-Axis, the world’s No. 1 overseas immigration consultancy, for end-to-end assistance!